In 2009, I became extremely concerned with the concept of Unique Identity for various reasons. Connected with many like minded highly educated people who were all concerned.
On 18th May 2010, I started this Blog to capture anything and everything I came across on the topic. This blog with its million hits is a testament to my concerns about loss of privacy and fear of the ID being misused and possible Criminal activities it could lead to.
In 2017 the Supreme Court of India gave its verdict after one of the longest hearings on any issue. I did my bit and appealed to the Supreme Court Judges too through an On Line Petition.
In 2019 the Aadhaar Legislation has been revised and passed by the two houses of the Parliament of India making it Legal. I am no Legal Eagle so my Opinion carries no weight except with people opposed to the very concept.
In 2019, this Blog now just captures on a Daily Basis list of Articles Published on anything to do with Aadhaar as obtained from Daily Google Searches and nothing more. Cannot burn the midnight candle any longer.
"In Matters of Conscience, the Law of Majority has no place"- Mahatma Gandhi
Ram Krishnaswamy
Sydney, Australia.

Aadhaar

The UIDAI has taken two successive governments in India and the entire world for a ride. It identifies nothing. It is not unique. The entire UID data has never been verified and audited. The UID cannot be used for governance, financial databases or anything. It’s use is the biggest threat to national security since independence. – Anupam Saraph 2018

When I opposed Aadhaar in 2010 , I was called a BJP stooge. In 2016 I am still opposing Aadhaar for the same reasons and I am told I am a Congress die hard. No one wants to see why I oppose Aadhaar as it is too difficult. Plus Aadhaar is FREE so why not get one ? Ram Krishnaswamy

First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.-Mahatma Gandhi

In matters of conscience, the law of the majority has no place.Mahatma Gandhi

“The invasion of privacy is of no consequence because privacy is not a fundamental right and has no meaning under Article 21. The right to privacy is not a guaranteed under the constitution, because privacy is not a fundamental right.” Article 21 of the Indian constitution refers to the right to life and liberty -Attorney General Mukul Rohatgi

“There is merit in the complaints. You are unwittingly allowing snooping, harassment and commercial exploitation. The information about an individual obtained by the UIDAI while issuing an Aadhaar card shall not be used for any other purpose, save as above, except as may be directed by a court for the purpose of criminal investigation.”-A three judge bench headed by Justice J Chelameswar said in an interim order.

Legal scholar Usha Ramanathan describes UID as an inverse of sunshine laws like the Right to Information. While the RTI makes the state transparent to the citizen, the UID does the inverse: it makes the citizen transparent to the state, she says.

Good idea gone bad
I have written earlier that UID/Aadhaar was a poorly designed, unreliable and expensive solution to the really good idea of providing national identification for over a billion Indians. My petition contends that UID in its current form violates the right to privacy of a citizen, guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution. This is because sensitive biometric and demographic information of citizens are with enrolment agencies, registrars and sub-registrars who have no legal liability for any misuse of this data. This petition has opened up the larger discussion on privacy rights for Indians. The current Article 21 interpretation by the Supreme Court was done decades ago, before the advent of internet and today’s technology and all the new privacy challenges that have arisen as a consequence.

Rajeev Chandrasekhar, MP Rajya Sabha

“What is Aadhaar? There is enormous confusion. That Aadhaar will identify people who are entitled for subsidy. No. Aadhaar doesn’t determine who is eligible and who isn’t,” Jairam Ramesh

But Aadhaar has been mythologised during the previous government by its creators into some technology super force that will transform governance in a miraculous manner. I even read an article recently that compared Aadhaar to some revolution and quoted a 1930s historian, Will Durant.Rajeev Chandrasekhar, Rajya Sabha MP

“I know you will say that it is not mandatory. But, it is compulsorily mandatorily voluntary,” Jairam Ramesh, Rajya Saba April 2017.

August 24, 2017: The nine-judge Constitution Bench rules that right to privacy is “intrinsic to life and liberty”and is inherently protected under the various fundamental freedoms enshrined under Part III of the Indian Constitution

"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the World; indeed it's the only thing that ever has"

“Arguing that you don’t care about the right to privacy because you have nothing to hide is no different than saying you don’t care about free speech because you have nothing to say.” -Edward Snowden

In the Supreme Court, Meenakshi Arora, one of the senior counsel in the case, compared it to living under a general, perpetual, nation-wide criminal warrant.

Had never thought of it that way, but living in the Aadhaar universe is like living in a prison. All of us are treated like criminals with barely any rights or recourse and gatekeepers have absolute power on you and your life.

Announcing the launch of the # BreakAadhaarChainscampaign, culminating with events in multiple cities on 12th Jan. This is the last opportunity to make your voice heard before the Supreme Court hearings start on 17th Jan 2018. In collaboration with @no2uidand@rozi_roti.

UIDAI's security seems to be founded on four time tested pillars of security idiocy

1) Denial

2) Issue fiats and point finger

3) Shoot messenger

4) Bury head in sand.

God Save India

Sunday, February 26, 2012

2405 - What the Aadhaar payment pipe offers - The Hindu


BANGALORE, February 26, 2012
DEEPA KURUP

Simple, yet complex: A high-level task force has laid out a blueprint for a single-platform e-payment gateway linked to and enabled by Aadhaar. — File photo: K. Murali Kumar

Authentication pilots show two per cent ‘false rejects', 8 to 12 seconds response time

Weeks before the Union Budget, a high-level task force on ‘Aadhaar-Enabled Unified Payment Infrastructure', on Thursday, submitted a report laying out a blueprint for a single-platform e-payment gateway to facilitate the transfer of subsidies and payments for various government schemes. This solution, to be linked to and enabled by Aadhaar, is to provide a standard platform for various government institutions so that they can make payments in an automated manner.

An interoperable network of 10 lakh Business Correspondents, who were conceived as the magic wand to address the objective of financial inclusion, is to use the combined infrastructure of banks and India Post, across the 2.25 lakh gram panchayats in the country.

Widely perceived as a precursor to the introduction of cash transfers or direct subsidies, this payment gateway will be implemented by the National Payments Corporation of India, an outfit promoted by leading Indian banks. Another significant component of this proposal is the Unique Identification Authority of India's (UIDAI's) own MicroATM, currently being piloted in rural Jharkhand for the disbursement of wages under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.

AUTOMATING PAYMENTS
So what does implementing this single-platform payment system involve in terms of technology? The process envisaged, though challenging, is basic. It proposes that a government e-payments gateway be set up, implemented by the Controller General of Accounts. This means that the process of transferring funds from the Finance Ministry to various departments, both for Direct Transfer of Subsidies and Electronic Benefit Transfers, will be automated.

To put it simply, the government department will send an encrypted file containing the Aadhaar number and the payment amount to the accredited bank. This is then processed through an interoperable (across banks) Aadhaar Payments Bridge. This bridge sends the information to the National Payments Corporation of India, which interfaces with accredited banks (each Aadhaar number is mapped to beneficiaries' accounts at the backend of this system).

Speaking to The Hindu, deputy director-general, UIDAI, A.P. Singh said such a system would not be tough to implement because “there's very little new stuff”. “Basically, Aadhaar provides the glue to piece existing technologies together. And it simplifies processes, like opening a bank account,” he said.

He pointed out that out of the 200 million enrolments, in its first phase, 84 per cent residents opted to open an Aadhaar-linked bank account. 

The bridge, he points out, is a simple intervention, where a simple file can be created and uploaded with just the payment amount and the Aadhaar number. “These capabilities are worked out at the NPCI level, and the entire system provides end-to-end visibility, and ensures there is no duplication.”

While this simple single-platform system does not involve either biometrics or authentication, the flagship features of the Aadhaar project, what is being envisaged outside this software layer may be a little more complex. Though the proof-of-concept reports on the pilots in Jharkhand are yet to be made public, Mr. Singh emphasised that it has been “a success”. The false rejection rate, he pegs at around two per cent, which will be “further brought down to 1.2 per cent”. This counters claims by critics who have argued that fingerprint authentication will be a challenge in rural India. “To improve this factor, we are also working out a way for residents to test their best finger,” he added.

Operating on a basic mobile network, Mr. Singh says, the turnaround time to obtain a yes/no authentication message (from the central UIDAI servers) is between eight to 12 seconds. Currently these MicroATMs — which is a basic Point of Sale terminal with a biometric reader — cost around Rs. 10,000-12,000. From March onwards, this pilot will be rolled out in many more districts across the country, he added.

CHALLENGES

Getting the ball rolling on this system will require all government departments and institutions to fully digitise all their payment sanction processes. 

This itself will be a huge task, a senior official from the Department of Information Technology told The Hindu, adding that the process is already on in several departments.

For instance, in Karnataka, the Government implemented a pilot project for electronic transfer of MNREGA wages in Nelamangala taluk. This “largely successful” pilot programme involved making a database of all job card holders with their bank account numbers, entering digitally encrypted job details and wage lists to the MIS systems, which is then interfaced with a designated bank for cash transfer to beneficiaries.
In the pilot, out of 1,175 total transactions, 1,146 were conducted successfully, said P. Shivshankar, State director, MNREGA. However, the challenges, he conceded were considerable, right from getting beneficiaries to open bank accounts in the designated banks to validating existing data in the informatics system and prepping up the infrastructure requirements.

This task, in the case of the MNREGA financial management system was simpler because there has been an efficient informatics system in place for over three years now. In the case of many other schemes, particularly those run by State Governments across the country, setting up the infrastructure and automating the process will take some time.

While all this may be fine, the weakest link in the chain may well be its last link — the Business Correspondents who are expected to actually make payments to beneficiaries. With the experience with microfinance fresh in the mind, there are fears that this may well be the point of “leakage” that Aadhaar, with all its fanfare, is supposed to plug.